بررسی برخی از شاخص‌های رشد دو رقم چغندرقند پاییزه (Beta vulgaris L.) تحت تأثیر آرایش کاشت، سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن با محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

3 عضو هیات علمی موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندر قند، ایران

چکیده

کاشت پاییزه چغندرقند کارایی مصرف آب و مزیت‌های زراعی بیشتری نسبت به کاشت بهاره دارد. به منظور بررسی امکان کاشت پاییزه دو رقم چغندر قند و مقایسه عملکرد ریشه آنها پژوهشی در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه لرستان طی دو سال زراعی (98-97 و 97-1396) انجام شد. این پژوهش در قالب طرح اسپلیت فاکتوریل با سه تکرار اجراء گردید. فاکتور اصلی دارای دو سطح و شامل آرایش کاشت 50-50 (P1)، 50-25 (P2)، و فاکتورهای فرعی شامل دو رقم چغندر قند پاییزه (روزاگولد و چیمنه) و چهار سطح کود (F1: کاربرد 300 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن (شاهد)، F2: کاربرد 270 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی، F3: کاربرد 240 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی، F4: کاربرد 210 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن و محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی) با محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی به میزان 5 در هزار می‌باشد. رقم روزاگولد با تیمار F2 به طور معنی‌داری (P<0.01) باعث افزایش نرخ فعال فتوسنتز گردید. بیشترین میزان هدایت روزنه‎ای در آرایش کاشت P1 با رقم روزاگولد مشاهده گردید. بالاترین میزان CGR (16 گرم/ مترمربع/ روز) و عملکرد ریشه (98/70 تن در هکتار) از آرایش کاشت P1، رقم روزاگولد و سطح کود F2 به دست آمد. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده می‌توان اظهار داشت، محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی توان جبران کاهش مصرف نیتروژن به میزان 10 درصد، بدون کاهش عملکرد و کیفیت چغندر قند پاییزه را دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of some growth indices of two cultivars of autumn sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) under the influence of planting method, different levels of nitrogen fertilizer by foliar application of zinc sulfate

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amene Haqshenas 1
  • Khosro Azizi 2
  • Soraya Ghasemi 3
  • Farhad Nazarian Firouzabadi 2
1 PHD student of Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
3 Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI), Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Autumn planting of sugar beet has more water use efficiency and agricultural advantages than spring planting. In order to investigate the possibility of autumn planting of two sugar beet cultivars and compare their root yield, a study was conducted in the Faculty of Agriculture of Lorestan University during two cropping years (2017-2018 and 2018-2019). This study was conducted in the form of a split factorial design with three replications. The main factor has two levels and includes planting method 50-50 (P1), 25-50 (P2), and the sub-factors including two varieties of autumn sugar beet (Rosagold and Chimene) and four levels of fertilizer (F1: application of 300 kg.ha-1 nitrogen (Control), F2: application of 270 kg.ha-1 nitrogen and foliar application of zinc sulfate, F3: application of 240 kg.ha-1 nitrogen and foliar application of zinc sulfate, F4: application of 210 kg.ha-1 nitrogen and foliar application of zinc sulfate in the amount of 5 per thousand. Rosagold cultivar with F2 treatment significantly (p<0.01) increased the photosynthesis active rate. The highest amount of stomatal conductance was observed in P1 planting arrangement with Rosagold cultivar. The highest CGR (16 g.m-2.day-1) and root yield (98.70 t.ha-1) were obtained from P1 planting arrangement, Rosagold cultivar and F2 fertilizer level. According to the obtained results, it can be stated that zinc sulfate foliar application has the ability to compensate for the reduction of nitrogen consumption by 10%, without reducing the yield and quality of autumn sugar beet.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chimene
  • Growth degree day
  • Leaf area index
  • Rosagold
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