بررسی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی گیاه پولک (Stachys inflate Benth) تحت تاثیر ارتفاع و خاک در استان آذربایجان شرقی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و کیفی پنج جمعیت پولک، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در سال 1400 با سه تکرار انجام شد. در هر رویشگاه نمونه‌های گیاهی در یک کوادرات 1×1 متر مربع از سطح خاک کف­بر شد. هر جمعیت‌ پولک متعلق به یک رویشگاه و این رویشگا‌ها شامل یام، بناب، ارلان، زنوزق و گلجار بودند. نتایج نشان داد که ویژگی‌های مورد بررسی بین جمعیت‌ها تنوع بالایی داشتند. ارتفاع در مقایسه با خصوصیات خاک بیشترین تأثیر را در درصد اسانس، میزان کلروفیل و آنتوسانین داشت. درصد اسانس در جمعیت ارلان (0/186 درصد) در مقایسه با جمعیت زنوزق (0/116 درصد) 37 درصد بیشتر بود. بیشترین تجمع کلروفیل و آنتوسیانین در جمعیت یام در بیشترین ارتفاع از سطح دریا مشاهده گردید. میزان کلروفیل کل در جمعیت یام در مقایسه با جمعیت ارلان 44 درصد بیشتر بود. به طور کلی جمعیت ارلان و یام به ترتیب به دلیل داشتن بیشترین میزان اسانس و آنتوسیانین به عنوان جمعیت‌های برتر معرفی می‌گردد که می‌توان با استفاده از این جمعیت‌ها ارقامی با خصوصیات زراعی مطلوب تولید کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of quantitative and qualitative traits (Stachys inflate Benth) affected by altitude and soil in East Azerbaijan province

نویسنده [English]

  • Saeed Yousefzadeh
Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Iran
چکیده [English]

To determine the morphological and qualitative characteristics of five (Stachys inflate Benth) populations, a study was conducted according completely randomized design layout with three replications in 2021 season. In each growth habitat, plant samples collected from ground surface in 1×1 quadrate size. Each Stachys inflate Benth population belongs to a habitat including Yam, Bonab, Aralan, Zonozag and Galajar. Result showed that measured traits among populations had great variation. Altitude compare to soil traits had a maximum effect on percentage of essential oil, chlorophyll content and anthocyanin. Percentage of essential oil was more than 37% in Aralan population (0.186%) compare to Yam population (0.116%). The greatest accumulation of chlorophyll and anthocyanin amounts was observed in maximum altitude in Yam population. The chlorophyll content was more than 44 percent in Yam population compare to Aralan population. Generally, Aralan and Yam populations were identified as best treatments due to the highest essential oil content as well as high anthocyanin amount and using these populations can be cause to produce cultivars with desirable crop traits.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anthocyanin
  • Ecological factors
  • Essential oil content
  • Medicinal plants
  • Photosynthetic pigments
Alibakhshi, M., Mahdavi, S. Kh., Mahmoodi, J. and Gelichnia, H. 2014. Essential oil composition of Stachys inflata L. in different habitats of Mazandaran province. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants, 6(2): 56-68. (In Persian)
Alimohammadi, M., Yadegari, M. and Shirmardi, H.A. 2017. Effect of elevation and phonological stages on essential oil composition of Stachys. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, 42(6): 647-656.
Arianfar, M., Akbarinodehi, D., Hemati, K. and Rostampoor, M. 2018. Effects of altitude and aspect on efficiency of producing essence and phytochemical properties of Artemisia aucheri Boiss and Artemisia sieberi Besser in South Khorasan rangelands. Journal of Rangeland, 3(12): 281-294. (In Persian).
Arnon, D.I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphennoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24(1): 1-150.
Baghbani Arani, A., Modaress Sanavi, S.A.M., Mashadi Akbar Bojar, M. and Mokhtassi, A. 2017. Effect of deficit water stress in response to the zeolite, vermicompost and nitrogen fertilizer on number of physiological and biochemical traits of fenugreek. Plant Production Research, 24 (3): 71-87. (In Persian).
Bahadori, M.B., Zengin, G., Bahadori, S., Maggi, F. and Dinparast, L. 2017. Chemical composition of essential oil, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and neuroprotective properties of Prangos gaubae. Natural Production Communication, 12(12): 1945-1948.
Basiri, M.H. and Nadjafi, F. 2019. Effect of plant density on growth, yield and essential oil characteristics of Iranian Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) landraces. Science Horticulture, 257:108655
Carrubba, A. and Catalano, C. 2009. Essential oil crops for sustainable agriculture, A Review. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., pp: 137-187.
Conforti, F., Menichini, F., Formisano, C., Rigano, D., Senatore, F., Arnold, N.A. and Piozzi, F. 2009. Comparative chemical composition, free radical-scavenging and cytotoxic properties of essential oils of six Stachys species from different regions of the Mediterranean Area. Food Chemistry, 116: 898–905.
Ghahreman, A. 1995. Flora of Iran. Tehran: Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands and Tehran University Press. (In Persian).
Goren, A.C., Piozzi, F., Akcicek, E., Kili, T., Ariki, S., Moziolu, E. and Setzer, W.N. 2011. Essential oil composition of twenty-two Stachys species (mountain tea) and their biological activities. Photochemistry Letters, 4: 448-453.
Habibi, Gh. 2020. Effects of the altitudinal gradient on the daily rhythm of antioxidant capacity and dynamic photo inhibition in Marrubium vulgare. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 12(3): 57-72. (In Persian).
Jamshidi, M., Mazandarani, M. and Fthi azad, F. 2010. The effect of height on the secondary metabolites fruit Sambucus Sambucus ebulus L. National Conference of Iranian Medicinal Plants.
Jamzad, Z. 2012. Flora Iran. Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian).
Keshavarzi, M., Bagher Rezaei, M. and Miri S.M. 2016. Comparison of morphological and phytochemical evaluation in some population of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. in different provinces under field conditions. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants, 41(2): 78-87. (In Persian).
Khorshidi, J., Shokrpour, M. and Nazeri, V. 2020. Assessment of morphological diversity among different populations of Thymus daenensis Celak. Journal of plant Research. 33(3): 593-606. (In Persian).
Khorshidi, J., Shokrpour, M., & Nazeri, V. (2020). Assessment of morphological diversity among different populations of Thymus daenensis Celak. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology), 33(3), 593-606.
Krizek, D.T., Kramer G.F., Upadhyaya, A. and Mirecki, R.M. 1993. UV-B Response of cucumber seedling grown under metal halid and high pressure sodium/deluxe lamps. Physiology of Plant, 88:350-358.
Li, W., Tan, L., Zou, Y., Tan, X., Huang, J., Chen, W. and Tang, Q. 2020. The Effects of Ultraviolet A/B Treatments on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Gene Expression in Dark-Purple Tea Cultivar ‘Ziyan’ (Camellia sinensis). Molecules, 15:25(2):354
Magaña, U.R., Escudero, A. and Gavilán, R.G. 2019. Metabolic and physiological responses of Mediterranean high‐mountain and alpine plants to combined abiotic stresses. Physiologia Plantarum, 165(2): 403-412.
Manukyan, A. 2019. Secondary metabolites and their antioxidant capacity of caucasian endemic Thyme (Thymus transcaucasicus Ronn.) as affected by environmental stress. Journal of Applied Research Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 13: 100209.
Mazandarani, M. and Mohammadi, A. 2015. Evaluation of ecological, ethnopharmacological needs, evaluation of phenol and flavonoids, antioxidants chaharbargh mountain plants (northern Iran). Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants, 11(3): 62-73. (In Persian)
Mehalaine, S. and Chenchouni, H. 2021. Quantifying how climatic factors influence essential oil yield in wild-growing plants. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 14(13): 1257.
Mozaffarian, V. 1996. A Dictionary of Plant Names. Farhang Moaser, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian).
Nabizadeh, S., mazooji, A. and Jabbarimoghadam, M. 2010. Chemical composition of essential oils of two populations Stachys inflate Benth in two different locations. Iranian Journal of Biology Sciences, 5(1): 31-38. (In Persian)
Najjarfiroozjaee, M., Hemmati, K.H., Khorasaninejad, S., Daraei-Garmekhany, A. and Bagherifard, A. A. 2014. Effect of altitude on morphological and biochemical characteristics (Urtica dioico L.) plant in Mazandaran and Golestan provinces. Journal of Plant Environmental Physiology, 35 (3): 1-11. (In Persian).
Nikkhah, E.K., Khayyami, M. and Heidari, R. 2012. Effect of some chemicals on stability of anthocyanins from blackberry (Morus nigra). Iranian Journal of Biology, 25(1): 32-43. (In Persian).
Noroozi, V., Yousefzadeh, S. and Sadat Asilan, K. 2017. Investigation the variation of essential oil content, chlorophyll, csrtenoid, antosyanin and flavonoid of (Mentha longifolia (L.) Hudsun.subsp.longifolia) in several habitats of Marand. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants. 17(5): 52-64. (In Persian).
Omidbaigi, R. 2013. Approaches of production and products of medicinal plants. Vol. 1, 7th edition, Tehran, Tarrahan-e-Nashr. (In Persian)
Rai-Dehagi, H., Razmjoo, J., Sabzaliyan, M.R. and Arzani, A. 2015. Effect of shade on morphological characteristics and essential oil content in mint. Journal of Plant Process and Function, 4(13): 58-69. (In Persian).
Salehi, M. and Kalvandi, R. 2020. Evaluation of morphological and phytochemical characteristics changes in different populations of Stachys inflata Benth in Hamedan province. Journal of Horticultural Science, 34(2): 247-260. (In Persian).
Takahashi, D., Kawamura, Y. and Uemura, M. 2016. Cold acclimation is accompanied by complex responses of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins in Arabidopsis. Journal of Experimental Botany, 67: 5203-5215.
Telfer, A. 2014. Singlet oxygen production by PSII under light stress: mechanism, detection and the protective role of b-Carotene. Plant Cell Physiology, 55(7): 1216-1223.
Tohidi, B., Rahimmalek, M., Arzani, A. and Sabzalian, M.R. 2020. Thymol, carvacrol, and antioxidant accumulation in Thymus species in response to different light spectra emitted by light-emitting diodes. Food Chemistry, 307: 125521.
Yousefzadeh, S. 2017. Investigating the variation of essential oil content and composition of Moldavian balm in several areas of East and west Azerbaijan provinces. Journal of Crop production, 10 (1): 21-37. (In Persian).
Yousefzadeh, S. and Sefidkon, F. 2016. Investigation of quantitative and qualitative traits of dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) in several habitats of East and West Azerbaijan provinces. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 32(4): 728-741. (In Persian).
Zouaoui, N., Chenchouni, H., Bouguerra, A., Massouras, T. and Barkat, M. 2020. Characterization of volatile organic compounds from six aromatic and medicinal plant species growing wild in North African drylands. NFS Journal, 18: 19-28.