تأثیر محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید بر میزان فنول، فلاونوئید، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی نعنا فلفلی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

نعناع فلفلی با نام علمی Mentha piperita از گیاهان دارویی معطر متعلق به تیره نعناعیان می‌باشد و با توجه به اهمیت خاصیت دارویی این گیاه، تأثیر محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید روی تعدادی از ویژگی‌های نعناع فلفلی، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی پژوهشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه زابل به اجرا درآمد. به‌منظور پیاده سازی طرح موردنظر، محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید با سطوح صفر، 5، 10، 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر و طی دو مرحله محلول پاشی صورت گرفت. ابتدا بعد از گذشت 8 هفته پس از کاشت استولون‌ها و در ادامه بعد از گذشت 14 روز پس از اولین محلول‌پاشی مرحله دوم آن انجام شد. صفات مورداندازه‌گیری در این پژوهش شامل میزان فنول، فلاونوئید، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، پرولین کل و همچنین برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک دیگر ازجمله کربوهیدرات، فعالیت آنزیم‌‌های کاتالاز، آسکوربات اکسیداز، پراکسیداز و پلی فنول اکسیداز و رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی بود. با آنالیز تجزیه واریانس داده‌ها مشاهده شد که تیمار گیاه نعناع با سطوح مختلف سالیسیلیک اسید روی اغلب صفات مورد بررسی به جز کربوهیدرات تأثیر معنی‌داری (p ≤0.01) داشته است. سالیسیلیک اسید با غلظت 100 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر بیشترین تأثیر افزایشی را بر صفات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی موردسنجش نشان داد. با توجه به نتایج حاصل شده از این پژوهش به نظر می‌رسد محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید روی گیاهان دارویی به‌ویژه گیاه نعناع فلفلی می‌تواند باعث افزایش ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی، تنظیم‌کننده‌های اسمزی و رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی شده و به ‌عنوان یک روش امیدبخش و مقرون به‌صرفه به منظور افزایش محتوی متابولیت‌های ثانویه و بهبود خاصیت دارویی این گیاه به کار رود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different levels of salicylic acid foliar application on phenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, and photosynthetic pigments of peppermint

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Abpaykar 1
  • Salehe Ganjali 2
  • Leila Fahmideh 3
  • Forouzan Heidari 2
1 M.Sc graduate of medicinal plants, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
2 Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
3 Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Peppermint, scientifically known as Mentha piperita, is an aromatic and medicinal plant that belongs to the Lamiaceae family. In the Research Greenhouse of University of Zabol, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications to investigate the effect of salicylic acid foliar application on peppermint. Salicylic acid was sprayed in two stages (8 weeks after stolon set-up and 2 weeks after the first foliar application) at levels of 0, 5, 10, 50, and 100 ppm. Phenols, flavonoids, antioxidant activity, total protein, and physiological traits like catalase, carbohydrate, ascorbate oxidase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and photosynthetic pigments were all measured in this study. The treatment with different levels of salicylic acid had a significant impact on all studied traits (p ≤0.01) and improved all studied traits except carbohydrates, according to analysis of variance. At a dose of 100 ppm, salicylic acid had the greatest additive effect on physiological and biochemical traits. According to the findings of this study, salicylic acid foliar application on peppermint appears to increase antioxidant compounds, osmotic regulators (carbohydrates), and photosynthetic pigments, and is a promising and cost-effective method for increasing secondary metabolites and medicinal properties of this plant.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Antioxidant enzymes
  • Physiological traits
  • Proline
  • Medicinal plant
Ahmadi, S., Yadegari, M. and hamedi, B. 2018. The effect of salicylic acid and indole acetic acid on the essential oil and active ingredients of Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and Lemongrass (Melissa officinalis L). Journal of Plant Process and Function, 7(26): 251-262. (In Persian).
Ayad, H.S., Reda, F. and Abdalla, M.S.A. 2010. Effect of putrescine and zinc on vegetative growth, photosynthetic pigments, lipid peroxidation and essential oil content of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens L.). World Journal of Agricultural Sciences6(5): 601-608.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P. and Teare, I.D. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39(1): 205-207.
 Beers, G.R. and Sizer, I.W. 1952. A spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 195(1): 133-140.
Burits, M. and Bucar, F. 2000. Antioxidant activity of Nigella sativa essential oil. Phytotherapy Research, 14(5): 323-328.
Chang, C.C., Yang, M.H., Wen, H.M. and Chern, J.C. 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 10(3): 178-182.
Colom, M.R. and Vazzana, C. 2003. Photosynthesis and PSII functionality of drought-resistant and drought sensitive weeping love grass plants. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 49(2): 135-144.
Cooper, R.J., Liu, C.H. and Fisher, D.S. 1998. Influence of humic substances on rooting and mediated tolerance to toxic heavy metals in transgenic microalgae. The Plant Cell, 14: 2837- 2847.
Dai, J., Orsat, V., Raghavan, G.S.V. and Yaylayan, V. 2010. Investigation of various factors for the extraction of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) Leaves. Journal of Food Engineering, 96(4): 540–543.
Doymaz, I. 2006. Thin-layer drying behavior of mint leaves. Journal of Food Engineering, 74(3): 370-375.
El-Tayeb, M.A. 2005. Response of barley grains to the interactive effect of salinity and salicylic acid. Plant Growth Regulation, 45(3): 215-224.
Eskandari Zanjani, K., Shirani, A.H., Rad, A., Moradi Agdam, Q. and Taherkhani, T. 2013. Effect of salicylic acid application under salinity conditions on physiologic and morphologic characteristics of Artemisia (Artemisia annua L.). Journal of Crop Ecophysiolog, 6(4): 415-428.
Eteghad, S., Mirzaei, H., Farzampour, S. and Kahnamui, S. 2009. Inhibitory Effects of Endemic Thymus vulgaris and Mentha piperita Essential oils on Escherichia coli O157: H7. Research Journal of Biological Sciences, 4(3): 340-344.
Fattahi Siahkamari, S., Azad Ghojeh Biglou, H. and Salehi Sardoei, A. 1999. The effect of water deficit stress and salicylic acid on some growth traits, photosynthetic pigments and yield of peppermint essential oil (Mentha piperita L.). Iranian Plant and Biotechnology Quarterly, 15(2): 51-39. (In Persian).
Fahmideh, L. and Mahmoodi, N. 2017. Survey on enzymatic activity and secondary metabolites of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) under manganese stress. Journal Crop Science Research In Arid Regions, 1(2): 191-203. (In Persian).
Fazelian, N. and Asrar, Z. 2011. The effect of arsenic and SA interaction on growth and some physiological characteristics of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.). Journal of Plant Biology, 3(8): 1-12. (In Persian).
Fielding, J.L. and Hall, J. 1978. A biochemical and cytochemical study of peroxidase a ctivity in root pea. Journal of Experimental Botany, 29: 89 – 98.
Fitzgerald, M., Heinrich, M. and Booker, A. 2020. Medicinal Plant Analysis: A Historical and Regional Discussion of Emergent Complex Techniques. Frontiers In Pharmacology, 10, 1480.
Galeotti, N., Mannelli, L.D.C., Mazzanti, G., Bartolini, A. and Ghelardini, C. 2002. Menthol: a natural analgesic compound. Neuroscience Letters, 322(3): 145-148.
Ghai, N., Setia R.C. and Setia, N. 2002. Effect of paclobutrazol and salicylic acid on chlorophyll content, hill activity and yield components in Brescia napus L. (cv. GSL-1). Phytomorphology, 52: 83-87.
Ghasemzadeh, A. and Jaafar, H. 2013. Interactive effect of salicylic acid on some physiological features and antioxidant enzymes activity in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe). Molecules, 18(5): 5965-5979.
Gholami, R., Kashefi, b. and Saeedi Sar, S. 2013. The effect of acid-salicylic foliar application in reducing the effects of salinity on the growth traits of Salvia limbata L. Journal of Plant Echo Physiology, 5(15): 63-73. (In Persian).
Ghorbani Javid, M., Sorooshzadeh, A., Moradi, F., Modarre-Sanavy, S.A.M. and Allahdadi, I. 2011. The role of phytohormones in alleviating salt stress in crop plants. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(6): 726-734.
Habibi, G.Z., Sadeghipour, S. and Hajiboland, R. 2015. Effect of salicylic acid on tobacco (Nicotiana rustica) plant under drought conditions. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 7(25): 17-28.
Habibi, Q. 2012. The effect of salicylic acid on the antioxidant system of several grape cultivars after cold application. New Journal of Cellular-Molecular Biotechnology, 9: 101-105. (In Persian).
Harati, A., Kashefi, b. and Matinzadeh, M. 2016. Investigation of reducing the effects of salinity stress on morphological and physiological traits of thyme through the application of SA, Crop Production Technology, 16(2): 111-125. (In Persian)
Hashempour, A., Ghasemzhade, M., Fotouhi, G. and Sohani, M.M. 2014. The physiological and biochemical response to freezing stress olive plants treated with salicylic acid. Russian Journal Plant Physiology, 61(4): 443-450.
Hayat, S., Fariduddin, Q., Ali, B. and Ahmad, A. 2005. Effect of salicylic acid on growth and enzyme activities of wheat seedlings. Acta Agronomica Hungarica, 53(4): 433-437.
Hosseinzad Behbood, A., Paparzadeh, N. and Dilamghani, K. 2012. Effect of salicylic acid on growth parameters, osmolites and osmotic potential in radish under salinity stress. Journal of Plant Research, 27(1): 23-40. (In Persian).
Iqbal, Sh., Riaz, U., Murtaza, Gh., Jamil, M., Ahmed, M., Hussain, A. and Abbas, Z. 2020. Chemical Fertilizers, Formulation, and Their Influence on Soil Health. Microbiota and Biofertilizers, Springer, Cham, 1-15.
Irrigoyen, J.H., Emerich, D.W. and Sanchez Diaz, M. 1992. Water stress induced changes in concentration of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sative) plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 84: 55-66.
Janovitz-Klapp, A.H., Richard, F.C., Goupy, P.M. and Nicolas, J.J. 1990. Inhibition studies on apple
polyphenol oxadase. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 38(4): 926-931.
Khan, M.I., Fatma, M., Per, T.S, Anjum, N.A. and Khan, NA. 2015. Salicylic acid-induced abiotic stress tolerance and underlying mechanisms in plants. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6: 462.
Khodary, S.E.A. 2004. Effect of salicylic acid on the growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in salt stressed maize plants. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 6(1): 5-8.
Kordi, S., Saidi, M. and Ghanbari, F. 2013. Induction of drought tolerance in Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) by Salicylic Acid. International Journal of Agricultural and Food Research, 2: 18-26.
Kumar, A., Samarth, R.M. and Yasmeen, S. 2004. Anticancer and radioprotective potentials of Mentha piperita L. Journal of Bio Factors, 22(1-4): 87- 91.
Lichtenthaler, H.K. 1987. Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology, 148: 350-382.
Ma, J.Y., Zhou, R. and Cheng, B.S. 1996. Effect of spermine on the peroxidase activity of detached wheat leaves. Journal Shandang Agriculture University, 27: 176-180.
Mahajan, S. and Tuteja, N. 2005. Cold, salinity and drought stresses: an overview. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 444(2):139-158.
Malamy, J. and Klessig, D.F. 1992. Salicylic acid and plant disease resistance. The Plant Journal, 2(5): 643-654.
Mashayekhi, K. and Atashi, S. 2012. The effect of foliar application of boric acid and sucrose on some biochemical properties of strawberry plants cv. Camarosa. Journal of Plant Production Research, 19(4): 157-172.
Maxwel, C.A., Hartwig, U.A., Joseph, C.M. and Phillips, D.A. 1989. A chalcone and two related flavonoids from alfalfa roots induce nod gene of Rhizobium meliloti. Plant Physiology, 91: 824-847.
McDonald, S., Prenzler, P.D., Antolovich, M. and Robards, K. 2001. Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of olive extracts. Food Chemistry, 73(1): 73-84.
McDonald, M.B. 1999. Seed deterioration: physiology, repair and assessment. Seed Science and Technology, 27: 177-237.
Mimica-Dukic, N. and Bozin, B. 2008. Mentha L. species (Lamiaceae) as promising sources of bioactive secondary metabolites. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 14(29): 3141-​3150.
Miura, K. and Tada, Y. 2014. Regulation of water, salinity, and cold stress responses by salicylic acid. Plant Science Journal, 5: 4.
Nanvakenary, R., Moradi, H. and Ghasemiomran, S. 2013. Effects of putrescine on morphological and physiological characteristics of ornamental plant African violet (Saintpaulia ionantha). Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Science, 2(10): 118-122.
Peters, N.K. and Verma, D.P.S. 1990. Phenolic compounds as regulators of gene expression in plant-microbe interactions. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact, 3: 4-8.
Popova, L., Pancheva, T. and Uzunova, A. 1997. Salicylic acid: properties, biosynthesis and physiological role. Bulgarian Journal of Plant Physiology, 23(1-2): 85-93.
Pramila, D.M., Xavier, R., Marimuthu, K., Kathiresan, S., Khoo, M.L., Senthilkumar, M., Sathya, K. and Sreeramanan, S. 2012. Phytochemical analysis and antimicrobial potential of methanolic leaf extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita: Lamiaceae). Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6(2):331-335.
Rasouli, D., Solouki, M., Fakheri, B. and Esmaelzadeh, B.S. 2016. Evaluation of antioxidant enzymes activities, proline, soluble sugars, photosynthetic pigments and essential oils of Mentha piperita L. in response to foliar application of salicylic acid and manganese stress. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 32:(1): 71-82.
Rasouli, D., Solouki, M., Fakheri, b. and Esmaelzadeh Bahabadi, p. 2016. Investigation of the activity of antioxidant enzymes, proline, soluble sugars, photosynthetic pigments and essential oil of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) in response to salicylic acid spraying and manganese stress. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. 32 (1): 71-82. (In Persian).
Ranjbar, M., Lari Yazdi, H. and Boroumand, Jazi, Sh. 2011. The effect of SA on photosynthetic pigments, sugar content and antioxidant enzymes in canola under lead stress, Journal of Plant Biology, 3(9): 42-49. (In Persian).
Rita, P. and Animesh, D.K. 2011. An updated overview on peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). International Research Journal of Pharmacy, 2(8): 1-10.
Sangtarash, M.H., Qaderi, M.M., Chinnappa, C.C. and Reid, D.M. 2009. Differential sensitivity of canola (Brassica napus) seedlings to ultraviolet-B radiation, water stress and abscisic acid. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 66(2): 212-219.
Scavroni, J., Boaro, C.S.F., Marques, M.O.M. and Ferreira, L.C. 2005. Yield and composition of the essential oil of Mentha piperita L. (Lamiaceae) grown with biosolid. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 17(4): 345-352.
Senaratna, T., Touchell, D., Bunn, E. and Dixon, K. 2000. Acetyl salicylic acid (Aspirin) and salicylic acid induce multiple stress tolerance in bean and tomato plants. Plant Growth Regulation, 30(2): 157-161.
Sepehri, A., Abbasi, R. and Karami, A. 2015. Effect of drought stress and salicylic acid on yield and yield components of red bean genotypes. Journal of Agriculture, 17(2): 51-56. (In Persian).
Seun-Ah, Y., Sang-Kyung, J., Eun-Jung, L., Chang-Hyun, S. and In-Seon, L. 2010. Comparative study of the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of six essential oils and their components. Natural Product Reports, 24(2): 140-151.
Sgarbi, E., Fornasiero, R.B., Lins, A.P. and Bonatti, P.M. 2003. Phenol metabolism is differentially affected by ozone in two cell lines from grape (Vitis vinifera L.) leaf. Plant science, 165(5): 951-957.
Shahrivar, Z., Abtahi, F. and Hatami, M. 2019. The regulatory effect of salicylate growth on some physiological and biochemical parameters of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) under drought stress conditions. Iran biology magazine, 32(4): 16-1. (In Persian).
Shekari, F., Pakmehr, A., Rastgoo, M., Vazayefi, M. and Goreishi, N.M. 2010. Effect of salicylic acid seed priming on some physiological traits of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) under water deficit at podding stage. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 4(13 (1)): 13-30. (In Persian).
Shorbaei, M., Ganjali, A. and Abrishamchi, p. 2012. The effect of SA on the activity of enzymes and antioxidant compounds of chickpea cultivars (Cicer arietinum L.) in the face of drought stress. Journal of Environmental Stress in Crop Sciences, 5(1): 41-45. (In Persian).
Singh, R., Shushni, M.A. and Belkheir, A. 2011. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Mentha piperita L. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 8(3): 322-328.
Singh, R., Shushni, M.A.M. and Belkheir, A. 2015. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of Mentha piperita L. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 8(3): 322-328.
Solecka, D. and Kacperska, A. 2003. Phenylpropanoid deficiency affects the course of plant acclimation to cold. Physiologia Plantarum, 119(2): 253-262.
Sucha, L. and Tomsik, P. 2016. The steroidal glycoalkaloids from Solanaceae: Toxic effect, antitumour activity and mechanism of action. Planta medica, 82(05): 379-387.
de Sousa, A.A.S., Soares, P.M.G., de Almeida, A.N.S., Maia, A.R., de Souza, E.P. and Assreuy, A.M.S. 2010. Antispasmodic effect of Mentha piperita essential oil on tracheal smooth muscle of rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 130(2): 433-436.
Wei, Y., Liu, Z., Su, Y., Liu, D. and Ye, X. 2011. Effect of salicylic acid treatment on postharvest quality, antioxidant activities, and free polyamines of asparagus. Journal of Food Science, 76(2): 126-132.
Yoshimura, K., Y. Yabute, T. Ishikawa and S. Shigeoka. 2000. Expression of spinach ascorbate peroxides isoenzymes in response to oxidative stresses. Plant Physiology, 123: 223-233.