اثر قطع آبیاری در مراحل مختلف رشد بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام مختلف کنجد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران

2 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،سبزوار، ایران

3 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تنش خشکی در مراحل مختلف فنولوژیکی بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ارقام مختلف کنجد، آزمایشی به صورت اسپیلت پلات در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه شخصی واقع در منطقه میامی (شهرستان شاهرود، استان سمنان) انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی زمان اعمال تنش خشکی (در مراحل رویشی، گلدهی و رشد دانه) به عنوان فاکتور اصلی و سه رقم کنجد (داراب، اولتان و دشتستان) به عنوان فاکتور فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین (517 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و کمترین (456 کیلوگرم در هکتار) عملکرد دانه به ترتیب در زمان قطع آب در مرحله رشد دانه و رویشی مشاهده شد. در تمامی ویژگی­های مورد ارزیابی به ‌جز تعداد دانه در کپسول، بین ارقام مختلف کنجد تفاوت معنی­داری وجود داشت. به­طوری­که رقم اولتان نسبت به ارقام داراب و دشتستان بالاترین عملکرد دانه (594 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد روغن (146 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را دارا بود. با این­حال، رقم داراب در زمان قطع آب در مرحله­ی رشد دانه، بیشترین عملکرد دانه (719 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد روغن (207 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را داشت، در حالی­که رقم دشتستان در همین شرایط کمترین عملکرد دانه (251 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و عملکرد روغن (57 کیلوگرم در هکتار) را نشان داد. در مجموع نتایج نشان داد که رقم اولتان مقاومت نسبی بالاتری را نسبت به تنش در مراحل مختلف دارد لذا این رقم برای منطقه محل آزمایش و شرایط مشابه توصیه می ­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of irrigation cut-off in different stages on yield and yield components of sesame cultivars

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elahe Kalantari 1
  • Mohammad Armin 2
  • Hamid Marvi 3
1 M.Sc. graduate of Agronomy, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
3 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate drought stress at different phenological stages on yield and yield components of different sesame cultivars, a split plot experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications on a private farm in Miami (Shahroud County, Semnan Province). Factors were drought stress time (in vegetative, flowering and seeding growth stages) as the main factor and three sesame cultivars (Darab, Oltan and Dashtestan) as sub factor. The results indicated that the highest (517 kg.ha-1) and lowest (456 kg.ha-1) seed yield was obtained in irrigation cut-off at seeding and vegetative growth, respectively. There was a significant difference among sesame cultivars in all the evaluated characteristics except the number of seeds per capsule. Oltan cultivar had the highest grain yield (594 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (146 kg.ha-1) compared to Darab and Dashtestan cultivars. However, in irrigation cut-off at seeding stage, Darab cultivar had the highest grain yield (719 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (207 kg.ha-1). While Dashtestan cultivar in the same conditions showed the lowest grain yield (251 kg.ha-1) and oil yield (57 kg.ha-1). Overall, the results showed that Oltan cultivar has a higher relative resistance to drought stress in different stages, so this cultivar is recommended for this region and similar situations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultivar
  • Drought stress
  • Oil content
  • Oily crops
  • Phenological stage
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