اثر برهمکنش کود زیستی و علف‌کش متری بیوزین بر رشد و عملکرد گوجه‌فرنگی (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) و کلونیزاسیون باکتری‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری اگرواکولوژی، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

3 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اگرواکولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

4 مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد، گناباد، ایران

5 گروه مکانیک بیوسیستم دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی تأثیر کاربرد کودهای زیستی همراه با علف­کش متری­بیوزین بر رشد و عملکرد گوجه­فرنگی (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) در حضور علف­های هرز، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود انجام شد. تیمارها شامل: وجین و عدم وجین علف­ هرز، تلقیح نشاء با هر یک از باکتری­های Pseudomonas fluorescens و Azotobacter crococum، کاربرد علف­کش متری­بیوزین در سه دز 500، 1000 و 1500 گرم از نوع تجاری در هکتار به‌صـورت مجـزا و در تـرکیب بـا باکتـری­های P. fluorescens و A. crococum بودنـد. نتایج نشـان داد کـه کاربـرد A. crococum  و P. fluorescens همراه با دز کم علف­کش سبب افزایش جمعیت باکتری­ها به­ترتیب به­میزان 57/89و 52/63درصد در مقایسه با شاهد دارای علف هرز گردید. دز بالای علف­کش (1500 گرم در هکتار) به­تنهایی و یا در ترکیب با کودهای زیستی سبب کاهش معنی­دار کلونیزاسیون باکتری­ها و رشد و عملکرد گوجه­فرنگی گردید. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد A. crococum و P. fluorescens در ترکیب با دز کم علف­کش به‌ترتیب سبب افزایش 26/4 و 24/8 درصدی تعداد میوه رسیده در مقایسه با شاهد بدون علف هرز گردید. براساس نتایج آزمایش، کاربرد کودهای زیستی همراه با دزهای پایین علف­کش متری­بیوزین می­تواند ضمن بهبود رشد و عملکرد گوجه‌فرنگی و کنترل مطلوب علف­های هرز، گام مهمی در راستای نیل به اهداف کشاورزی پایدار از طریق کاهش مصرف علف­کش و اثرات سوء زیست­محیطی آن باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The interaction effect of bio-fertilizer and metribuzin herbicide on growth and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and bacterial colonization

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hassan Makarian 1
  • Abbas Nasiri Dehsorkhi 2
  • Mehrdad Safarpoor 3
  • Manouchehr Gholipoor 1
  • Hamidreza Asghari 1
  • Hassan Ghorbani Ghoojdi 4
  • Hossein Mirzaei Moghadam 5
1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
2 PhD. Student of Agroecology, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
3 M.Sc. Graduate, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
4 University of Gonabad, Gonabad, Iran
5 Department of Biosystem Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to investigate the effect of biological fertilizers and application of metribuzin herbicide on growth and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and weed population, a field experiment was conducted as randomized complete block design with three replications at the research field of Shahrood University of Technology. The experimental treatments included; weed free and weed infest all season, inoculation of root of tomato transplant with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Azotobacter crococum separately, soil application of metribuzin herbicide 500, 1000 and 1500 g.ha-1 and the mentioned dosage of herbicide (500, 1000 and 1500 g.ha-1) along with inoculation of P. fluorescens and A. crococum. Results showed that A. crococum and P. fluorescens in combination with low doses of herbicide (500 g.ha-1) increased bacterial colonization by 57.89 and 52.63 percent compared to the control (weedy) treatment respectively. High doses of herbicide (1500 g.ha-1) alone or in combination with bio-fertilizers decreased bacterial colonization in soil and growth and yield of tomato. Also, A. crococum and P. fluorescens in combination with low doses of herbicide increased the number of ripe fruit of tomato by 26.4 and 24.8 percent in comparison to weed free treatment respectively. Based on the results of this experiment, application of bio-fertilizers (A. crococum and P. fluorescens) together with 500 g.ha-1 metribuzin herbicide while improving the growth and yield of tomato and optimal weed control can be an important step towards achieving sustainable agricultural 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Azotobacter
  • Competition
  • Integrated management
  • Pseudomonas
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