شاخص‌های رقابتی کشت مخلوط گیاه دارویی زوفا (Hyssopus officinalis L.) و شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum –gereasum L.) در شرایط مختلف رطوبتی خاک

قراخانی بنی, ابوالقاسم; قاسمی پیربلوطی, عبدالله; جوانمرد, حمیدرضا; سلیمانی, علی; گل پرور, احمدرضا

doi:10.22034/csrar.2021.298016.1114

شاخص‌های رقابتی کشت مخلوط گیاه دارویی زوفا (Hyssopus officinalis L.) و شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum –gereasum L.) در شرایط مختلف رطوبتی خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران

² مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهر قدس، تهران، ایران

³ گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران

10.22034/csrar.2021.298016.1114

چکیده

به منظور بررسی شاخص‌های رقابتی و عملکرد دو گونه گیاهان دارویی زوفا و شنبلیله در کشت مخلوط و شرایط رطوبتی مختلف خاک، آزمایشی با آرایش کرت‌های خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه شهرکرد در سال زراعی 97-1396 اجرا گردید. کرت اصلی شامل دو سطح رطوبتی مختلف خاک شامل آبیاری در 25 و 50 درصد تخلیه رطوبتی از ظرفیت زراعی، کرت فرعی شامل پنج سطح کشت زوفا 100% : شنبلیله 0، زوفا 0 : شنبلیله 100%، مخلوط ردیفی زوفا 50% : شنبلیله 50%، زوفا 75% : شنبلیله 25% و زوفا 25% : شنبلیله 75% به صورت جایگزینی در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد مقدار نسبت برابری زمین در شرایط تنش خشکی و کشت مخلوط نسبت به کشت خالص به طور معنی‌داری (p ≤ 0.01) بالاتر بود؛ بهطوریکه در شرایط تنش ملایم و کشت مخلوط 50% زوفا : 50% شنبلیله، 25/6 درصد افزایش نسبت به کشت خالص مشاهده گردید. میانگین ضریب ازدحام نسبی کل (K) در همه نسبت_‌‌های مخلوط نسبت به تککشتی افزایش معنی‌داری (p ≤ 0.05) داشت. همچنین عملکرد از دست رفته کل (ALY_t) در همه نسبت‌های مخلوط مثبت شد که این امر بیانگر سودمندی کشت مخلوط دو گیاه است. بیش‌ترین مقدار شاخص تولید سیستم (SPI) در شرایط کشت مخلوط زوفا 75%: شنبلیله 25% به دست آمد. بهطور کلی نتایج نشان داد کشت مخلوط زوفا تحت کشت ردیفی با شنبلیله باعث بهبود کارآیی تولید یا بهره‌وری از منابع به خصوص در شرایط تنش خشکی میشود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

20.1001.1.2423611.1400.3.2.4.5

عنوان مقاله [English]

Competition indices of intercropping of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in different soil moisture conditions

نویسندگان [English]

Abolghasem Gharakhani-Beni ¹
Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti ²
Javanmard Hamid Reza ³
Ali Soleymani ³
Ahmadreza Golparvar ³

¹ Ph.D. candidate in Agronomy, Department Agronomy and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

² Research Center for Medicinal Plants, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

³ Department of Agronomy and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

چکیده [English]

The field experiment was carried out as spilt plot experiment with four replications based on a randomized complete block design at the University of Shahrekord's research farm in 2017-2018 to investigate the competitive indices and yield of two medicinal plant species, namely hyssop and fenugreek. The main plot has two soil moisture levels, with irrigation after drainage at 25 and 50% of field capacity. The sub-plot had five levels of planting pattern, including 100% hyssop, 100% fenugreek, hyssop 50%: fenugreek 50%, hyssop 75%: fenugreek 25%, and hyssop 25%: fenugreek 75% based on replacement series. The results showed that under drought stress, the land equivalent ratio (LER) of hyssop intercropped with fenugreek was higher than mono-cropping, with a significant difference (p£0.01). In this study, intercropping hyssop (50%) with fenugreek (50%) under mild stress increased the LER by 25.6% when compared to mono-cropping. When compared to mono-cropping, the average total relative density (K) increased in all intercropping ratios, and the total actual yield loss (ALYt) was positive in all intercropping ratios, indicating the usefulness of intercropping the two plants. Overall, the highest value of the system productivity index (SPI) was obtained in the intercropping hyssop (75%) with fenugreek (25%). Finally, intercropping hyssop with fenugreek can increase the productivity of a hyssop cultivation system.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Lamiaceae
Land equivalent ratio
Legume
Productivity
System productivity index

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