بررسی نقش اسید هیومیک بر کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی در انیسون (Pimpinella anisum L.)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کشاورزی شیروان، دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران

2 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اگروتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی شیروان، دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران

3 گروه مهندسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای، تهران، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی واکنش انیسون به وقوع تنش خشکی در مراحل متفاوت رشد و نیز تأثیر اسید هیومیک در کاهش اثرات تنش خشکی و بهبود خصوصیات رشدی گیاه در شرایط آب و هوایی شهرستان قوچان انجام شد. به این منظور آزمایشی به صورت کرت‌ها‌ی خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال زراعی 1398-1399 انجام شد. تیمار آبیاری به عنوان عامل اصلی در 4 سطح، مصرف اسید هیومیک به‌ عنوان عامل فرعی در 3 سطح (H1، H2 و H3) در نظر گرفته شد. مطابق نتایج به دست آمده، قطع آبیاری در مرحله دانه‌بندی و عدم مصرف اسید هیومیک در مقایسه با آبیاری کامل و مصرف 4 کیلوگرم اسید هیومیک وزن هزار دانه انیسون را به میزان 23/45 درصد کاهش داد. همچنین قطع آبیاری در مراحل ساقه‌دهی، گل‌دهی و دانه­بندی به ترتیب موجب کاهش7/80، 29/46 و 24/08 درصدی عملکرد دانه در مقایسه با شاهد شد. استفاده از اسید هیومیک در هر دو سطح 2 و 4 کیلوگرم در هکتار، عملکرد دانه را به ترتیب به میزان 5/01 و 10/64 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش داد. با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش با وجود مشکل کم‌آبی در منطقه مورد مطالعه، یک راهکار برای رفع این مشکل قطع آبیاری در مرحله قبل از ساقه­ دهی است که می‌تواند به کاهش مصرف آب در تولید انیسون منجر شود. همچنین کاربرد اسید هیومیک به میزان 4 کیلوگرم در هکتار اثرات منفی تنش خشکی را در مراحل رشد رویشی و زایشی به‌طور قابل‌توجهی جبران خواهد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the role of humic acid in reducing the effects of drought stress of anise (pimpinella anisum L.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahdi Babaeian 1
  • Jalil Taghdisi 2
  • Mohammad Khairkhah 1
  • Mostafa Jafarian 3
1 Agricultural Faculty of Shirvan, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
2 MSc Graduate of Agrotechnology, Agricultural Faculty of Shirvan, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran
3 Department of Agricultural Engineering, Technical and Vocational University (TVU), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the response of anise to the occurrence of drought stress in different stages of growth of this plant and also the effect of humic acid in reducing the negative effects of drought stress and improving plant growth characteristics in climatic conditions of Quchan city. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted in the form of split plots based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the 2019-2020 cropping year. The irrigation treatment in four levels was as the main factor of the experiment and consumption of Humic acid was considered as sub-factor in three levels. According to the obtained results, stopping irrigation at the seeding stage and nonuse of humic acid in comparison with full irrigation and consumption of 4 kg of humic acid reduced the 1000-seed weight of anise by 23.45%. Also, cessation of irrigation at the stages of stemming, flowering and seeding reduced the grain yields by 7.80, 29.46 and 24.08%, respectively, compared to the control. The use of humic acid at both levels of 2 and 4 kg/ha increased grain yields by 5.01 and 10.64%, respectively, compared to the control. According to the results obtained in this study, despite the problem of water shortage in the study area, one solution to solve this problem is to stop irrigation in the pre-shoot stage, which can reduce water consumption in the production of anise. Also, the application of humic acid at the rate of 4 kg/ha will significantly compensate for the negative effects of drought stress during vegetative and reproductive growth stages.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Medicinal plant
  • Organic fertilizer
  • Water deficit
  • Yield
Abdel-Mawgoud, A.M.R., El-Greadly, N.H.M., Helmy, Y.I. and Singer, S.M. 2007. Responses of tomato plants to different rates of humic-based fertilizer and NPK fertilization. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 3 (2): 169–174.
Ahmed, Y.M., Shalaby, E.A. and Shanan, N.T. 2011. The use of organic and inorganic cultures in improving vegetative growth, yield characters and antioxidant activity of roselle plants (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). African Journal of Biotechnology, 10 (11): 1988–1996.
Akbari, I. and Gholami, A. 2015. Evaluation of mycorrhizal fungi, vermicompost and humic acid on essence yield and root colonization of fennel. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 13 (4): 840–853. (In Persian).
Amiri Deh Ahmadi, S.R., Rezvani Moghaddam, P. and Ehyaee, H.R. 2012. The effects of drought stress on morphological traits and yield of three medicinal plants (coriandrum sativum, foeniculum vulgare and anethum graveolens) in greenhouse conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 10 (1): 116–124. (In Persian).
 
Arsalan, N., Gürbüz, B., Sarihan, E.O., Bayrak, A. and GÜMÜŞÇÜ, A. 2004. Variation in essential oil content and composition in turkish anise (pimpinella anisum l.) populations. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry. 28 (3): 173–177.
Ayas, H. and Gulser, F. 2005. The effects of sulfur and humic acid on yield components and macronutrient contents of spinach (Spinacia Oleracea Var. Spinoza). Journal of Biological Sciences, 5 (6): 801–804.
Azarinasrabad, A., Mousavinik, S.M., Galavi, M., Beheshti, S.A.R. and Siroosmehr, A. 2021. Effect of drought stress at different growth stages on dry matter remobilization in grain sorghum genotypes. Crop Science Research in Arid Regions, 2 (2): 167–177. (In Persian).
Celik, H., Katkat, A.V., Aşık, B.B. and Turan, M.A. 2010. Effect of foliar-applied humic acid to dry weight and mineral nutrient uptake of maize under calcareous soil conditions. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 42 (1): 29–38.
Dalvand, M., Solgi, M. and Khaleghi, A. 2018. Effects of foliar application of humic acid and drought stress on growth and physiological characteristics of marigold (Taget erecta). Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions, 9 (2): 67–80. (In Persian).
Delfine, S., Tognetti, R., Desiderio, E. and Alvino, A. 2005. Effect of foliar application of N and humic acids on growth and yield of durum wheat. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 25 (2): 183–191.
Dordas, C.A. and Sioulas, C. 2008. Safflower yield, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, and water use efficiency response to nitrogen fertilization under rainfed conditions. Industrial Crops and Products, 27 (1): 75–85.
Doupis, G., Bertaki, M., Psarras, G., Kasapakis, I. and Chartzoulakis, K. 2013. Water relations, physiological behavior and antioxidant defence mechanism of olive plants subjected to different irrigation regimes. Scientia Horticulturae, 153 (1): 150–156.
Erkossa, T., Stahr, K. and Tabor, G. 2002. Integration of organic and inorganic fertilizers: effect on vegetable productivity. Agricultural Research Centre, Ethiopia, 82 (1): 247–256.
Ghorbani, S., Khazaei, H.R., Kafi, M. and Bannayan, A.M. 2010. Effects of humic acid application with irrigation water on yield and yield components of corn (Zea mays L.). Agroecology, 2 (1): 123–131. (In Persian).
Heidari, M. and Minaei, A. 2014. Effects of drought stress and humic acid application on quantative yield and content of macro-elements in medical plant borage (Borago Officinalis L.). Journal of Plant Production Research, 21 (1): 167–182. (In Persian).
Heidari, N., Pouryousef, M., Tavakkoli, A. and Saba, J. 2012. Effect of drought stress and harvesting date on yield and essential oil production of Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 28 (1): 121–130. (In Persian).
Hosseinian, S.H., Ebrahimipak, N., Yusefi, A. and Egdarnzhad, A. 2019. Effect of water stress and humic acid foliar application on morpho-physiological characteristics of Satureja hortensis. Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, 26 (1): 219–232. (In Persian).
Kalantari, E., Armin, M. and Marvi, H. 2021. Effects of irrigation cut-off in different phenological stages on yield and yield components of sesame varieties. Crop Science Research in Arid Regions, 1 (5): 151–162. (In Persian).
Karami, A., Sepehri, A., Hamzei, J. and Salimi, G. 2012. Effect of nitrogen and phosphorous biofertilizers on quantitative and qualitative traits of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) under water deficit stress. Journal of Production Technology, 11 (1): 37–50. (In Persian).
Khalesro, S. and Malekian, M. 2017. Effects of vermicompost and humic acid on morphological traits, yield, essential oil content and component in organic farming of Ajwan (Trachyspermum ammi L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 32 (6): 968–980. (In Persian).
 
Koyro, H.W., Ahmad, P. and Geissler, N. 2012. Abiotic stress responses in plants: an overview. Environmental adaptations and stress tolerance of plants in the era of climate change, 1 (1). 1–28.
Laribi, B., Bettaieb, I., Kouki, K., Sahli, A., Mougou, A. and Marzouk, B. 2009. Water deficit effects on caraway (Carum carvi L.) growth, essential oil and fatty acid composition. Industrial Crops and Products, 30 (3). 372–379.
Lubbe, A. and Verpoorte, R. 2011. Cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants for specialty industrial materials. Industrial Crops and Products, 34 (1): 785–801.
Misra, A. and Srivastava, N.K. 2000. Influence of water stress on Japanese mint. Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 7 (1): 51–58.
Mohammadi, A., Amini Dehaghi, M. and Fotokian, M.H. 2018. Effects of humic acid foliar application on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) under different irrigation regimes. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 34 (1): 101–104. (In Persian).
Mohammadi Alborzi, M., Safikhani, F., Masoud Sinaki, J. and Abbaszadeh, B. 2012. The effect of drought on morphological characteristics of anisum (Pimpinella anisum L.). Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 4 (10): 14–25. (In Persian).
Mohammadipour, E., Golchin, A., Mohammadi, J., Negahdar, N. and Zarchini, M. 2012. Effect of humic acid on yield and quality of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.). Annals of Biological Research, 3 (11): 5095–5098.
Mohsen, N.O. and Jalilian, J. 2013. (Short technical report); The effect of plant nutrition on some morphological traits and protin content of safflower under different irrigation regimes. Journal of Crop Production, 6 (3): 165–176. (In Persian).
Nardi, S., Pizzeghello, D., Muscolo, A. and Vianello, A. 2002. Physiological effects of humic substances on higher plants. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 34 (11): 1527–1536.
Nikbakht, A., Kafi, M., Babalar, M., Xia, Y.P., Luo, A. and Etemadi, N. 2008. Effect of humic acid on plant growth, nutrient uptake, and postharvest life of gerbera. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 31 (12): 2155–2167.
Pazoki, A. 2016. Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and humic acid on yield and yield components of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under drought stress in Qom region. Journal of Agroecology, 6 (1): 60–80.
Rahi, A., Davoodi, F.M., Azizi, F. and Habibi, D. 2012. The study examIned the effects of different amounts of humic acid and response curves In the Dactylis glomerata. Iranian Journal of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, 8 (3): 15–28. (In Persian).
Royo, C., García del Moral, L.F., Aparicio, N., Villegas, D., Casadesús, J. and Araus, J.L. 2000. Tools for improving the efficiency of durum wheat selection under Mediterranean conditions. Durum Wheat Improvement in the Mediterranean Region: New Challenges, 1 (1): 63–70.
Sabouri, F., Sirousmehr, A. and Gorgini Shabankareh, H. 2018. Effect of irrigation regimes and application of humic acid on some morphological and physiological characteristics of Savory (Satureja hortensis L.). Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 9 (4): 13–24. (In Persian).
Sabzevari, S., Khazaie, H.R. and Kafi, M. 2009. Effect of humic acid on root and shoot growth of two wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.). Journal of Water Soil, 23 (2): 87–94.
Salehi, A., Ghalavand, A., Sefidkan, F. and Asgharzadeh, A. 2011. Effect of zeolite application, microbial inoculation and vermicompost on the concentration of N, P, K essential oil and essential oil yields in organic culture of Matricaria recutita L., Scientific Journal of Iranian Herbs and Flowers. 27 (2): 201–188. (In Persian).
Sharma, A.K. 2002. Biofertilizers for sustainable agriculture India. Agrobios, 1 (12): 319–324.
Shojaii, A. and Abdollahi Fard, M. 2012. Review of pharmacological properties and chemical constituents of Pimpinella anisum. International Scholarly Research Notices, 1 (1): 1–8.
Sreevalli, Y., Baskaran, K., Chandrashekara, R.S. and Kulkarni, R.N. 2000. Preliminary observations on the effect of irrigation frequency and genotypes on yield and alkaloid concentration in periwinkle. Preliminary Observations on the Effect of Irrigation Frequency and Genotypes on Yield and Alkaloid Concentration in Periwinkle, 22 (4a): 356–358.
Taherkhanchi, A., Akbari, G.A., Modarres-Sanavy, S.A.M. and Ghorbani Javid, M. 2013. Evaluation of effects of bio-fertilizers on some physiological and biochemical traits in soybean under water deficit condition. Journal of Crops Improvement, 15 (3): 141–153. (In Persian).
Zhu, Z., Liang, Z., Han, R. and Wang, X. 2009. Impact of fertilization on drought response in the medicinal herb Bupleurum chinense DC.: growth and saikosaponin production. Industrial Crops and Products, 29 (2–3): 629–633.