برآورد ترکیب‌پذیری و اثر ژن در لاین‌های کلزا (Brassica napus L.) با استفاده از تجزیه لاین در تستر در شرایط تنش شوری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اصلاح نباتات، گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد زاهدان، زاهدان، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمان، ایران

3 گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد زاهدان، ایران

4 موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه و نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران

چکیده

به منظور برآورد ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی و خصوصی و نوع اثر ژن، تعداد 15 دورگ حاصل از تلاقی پنج لاین و سه تستر به همراه والدین‌شان در دو شرایط آبیاری معمولی و تنش شوری در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در ایستگاه مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمان طی سال زراعی 99-1398 مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. صفات مورد بررسی شامل ارتفاع بوته، تعداد روز تا 50 درصد گل‌دهی، تعداد روز تا رسیدن، طول خورجین، تعداد خورجین در گیاه، تعداد دانه در خورجین، وزن هزاردانه و عملکرد دانه بودند. میانگین مربعات ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی و خصوصی برای اکثر صفات معنی‌دار بود که به‌ترتیب نشان‌دهنده تفاوت ارقام از نظر ترکیب‌پذیری‌ عمومی و تلاقی‌ها از نظر ترکیب‌پذیری خصوصی بود. برآورد درجه غالبیت برای صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد روز تا 50 درصد گل‌دهی، تعداد خورجین در گیاه و وزن هزار دانه در شرایط آبیاری معمولی و صفت عملکرد دانه در شرایط تنش شوری کم‌تر از یک و برای بقیه صفات در هر دو شرایط آزمایش بزرگ‌تر از یک بود که به‌ترتیب دلالت بر وجود غالبیت ناقص و فوق غالبیت دارد. در دو شرایط آبیاری معمولی و تنش برای صفات طول خورجین، وزن هزاردانه و عملکرد دانه در گیاه والدین SPN193 و Dalgon در بین مواد آزمایشی بیش‌ترین مقدار ترکیب‌پذیری عمومی را به خود اختصاص دادند. دورگ‌هایSPN192 × Dalgon  وSPN179 × RGS003  به‌ترتیب در شرایط آبیاری معمولی و تنش با برخورداری از بالاترین مقادیر ترکیب‌پذیری خصوصی از نظر صفت عملکرد دانه بهترین دورگ‌ها بوده و قابل توصیه می‌باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Estimation of combining ability and gene effect in rapeseed lines (Brassica napus L.) using line × tester analysis under salinity stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Akbar Saberi 1
  • Seid Zabihallah Ravari 2
  • Ahmad Mehrban 3
  • Hamid Reza Ganjali 3
  • Hasan Amiri Oghan 4
1 Ph.D. student in Plant Breeding, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Zahedan, Iran
2 Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kerman, Iran
3 Islamic Azad University, Zahedan Branch, Department of Agriculture, Zahedan, Iran
4 Seed and Plant Breeding Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to estimate the general and specific combining ability and type of gene effect, 15 hybrids from the intersection of 5 lines and 3 testers with their parents were examined in two conditions of normal irrigation and salinity stress in the randomized complete block design with 3 replications in Kerman Agricultural Research Station in 2018-2020. The studied traits included plant height, number of days taken to 50% of flowering, number of days to maturity, pod length, number of pod per plant, number of seed per pod, 1000-seed weight and seed yield. The mean squares of general and specific combining ability were significant for most traits showed that the differences between cultivars in terms of general combining ability, and crosses in terms of specific combining ability, respectively. Estimation degree of dominance for plant height, number of days taken to 50% flowering, number of pod per plant and 1000-seed weight under normal irrigation conditions and seed yield under salinity stress were less than one and for other traits in both experimental conditions greater than one, which indicates the existence of incomplete and over-dominant action, respectively. Under normal and stress conditions for pod length, 1000-seed weight and grain yield per plant, SPN193 and Dalgon parents had the highest general combining ability among the experimental materials. Under normal irrigation conditions, hybrid SPN192 × Dalgon and under salinity stress conditions SPN179 × RGS003 with the highest values of specific combining ability were the best hybrids in terms of seed yield and are recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Co-dominance
  • Hybrid
  • Incomplete-dominance
  • Pod

مراجع

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 26 خرداد 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 خرداد 1400

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