ارزیابی عملکرد نیشکر تحت تاثیر سطوح آبیاری و کود با استفاده از مدل Aquacrop

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری، آبیاری و زهکشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکتری بوم شناسی زراعی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

ارتقای کارایی مصرف آب با هدف تولید بیشتر در بخش کشاورزی از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است؛ لذا شبیه‌سازی مراحل رشد گیاه و در نتیجه پیش‌بینی عملکرد محصول، منجر به برنامه‌ریزی بهتر و مدیریت کاراتر در روند تولید می شود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف پیش‌‌بینی عملکرد و زیست‌توده نیشکر در مرحله بازرویی در سال سوم کاشت، با مدل AquaCrop در کشت و صنعت امیرکبیر با سه سطح آبیاری کامل یا 100 درصد نیاز آبی (I1)، 75 درصد (I2) و 55 درصد نیاز آبی (I3) و سه سطح کود 100 درصد نیاز گیاه نیشکر به کود نیتروژن (F1)، 80 درصد (F2) و 60 درصد (F3) با چهار تکرار در سال 1390-1389 انجام شد. برای واسنجی مدل مقادیر واسنجی به همراه پیش‌بینی خطای آماری R2  برای عملکرد محصول و زیست‌توده برای تمام سطوح مختلف کودی و ‌آبیاری به‌ترتیب برابر با 0/97 و 0/96 به دست آمد. در مرحله صحت‌سنجی، عملکرد محصول در شرایط مختلف مدیریت آبیاری شبیه‌سازی و با عملکرد واقعی مقایسه شد و مقادیر ضریب همبستگی برای عملکرد محصول و زیست‌توده به ترتیب 0/91 و 0/81 برآورد شد. با بررسی تیمارها مشخص شد که تیمار F2I1 نسبت به دیگر تیمارها، عملکرد زیست‌توده بالاتری داشت. نتایج نشان داد که با کاهش 20 درصدی در مصرف کود می‌توان به عملکرد مورد نظر دست یافت. این امر کاهش هزینه‌های مربوط به کشاورزی را به همراه خواهد داشت و در بلندمدت اثرات سوء ناشی از مصرف بیش از حد کودهای شیمیایی را کاهش داده و ضمن افزایش محصول، برنامه‌ای راهبردی برای نیل به اهداف کشاورزی پایدار خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Sugarcane Yield Affected as Irrigation Level and Fertilizer by using Aquacrop Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzad Haghnazari 1
  • Mahshid Ghanbarian 2
  • Ali Sheini Dashtegol 3
  • Vida Varnaseri 4
1 Ph.D. student of irrigation and drainage at University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
2 Ph.D. student of irrigation and drainage at Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
3 Ph.D. student of irrigation and drainage at Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Ph.D. student of agricultural ecology at University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
چکیده [English]

Increasing water use efficiency in order to more produce in the agriculture section has special importance. Therefore, simulation of plant growth stages and, consequently, prediction of product yield lead to better planning and more efficient management in the production process. The present study was conducted with the aim of predicting yield and sugarcane biomass at ratoon stage in the third year of planting, with AquaCrop model in Amir Kabir Agro-industry Co. with three levels of full irrigation or 100% water requirement (I1), 75% (I2) and 55% water requirement (I3) and three levels of 100% manure requirement of sugarcane plant to nitrogen fertilizer (F1), 80% (F2) and 60% (F3) with four replications in 2010-2011. For calibration of the model, the calibration values with the prediction of statistical error of R2 for yield and biomass for all levels of fertilization and irrigation were 0.97 and 0.96 respectively. In the validation stage, the yield of the product was simulated in different conditions of irrigation management, and it was compared with actual yield, and the correlation coefficients for the yield of the product and the biomass was estimated to be 0.91 and 0.81, respectively. The results showed that F2I1 has higher yield and biomass than other treatments and with the 20% reduction in fertilizer application, the desired yield could be achieved. This will reduce agricultural costs and, in the long run, will also eliminate the negative effects of excessive fertilizer use and, while increasing production, will be a strategic plan for achieving sustainable agricultural objectives.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biomass
  • Calibration
  • Sensitivity analysis
  • Validation
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